What Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? What is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was - 91 °C, which ______【51】in Antarctica(MWM) in 1983. We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in______【52】. Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about + 120°Cto - 120°C. The temperature depends upon______ 【53】you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, - 120°C is colder than our body can______【54】 endure. Thank NASA science for well, de-signed space suits that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes. The space temperatures just discussed affect only our areal of the solar______【55】. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel______【56】from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -210°C. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your ______【57】 . We are taught it is supposedly______【58】to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273°C,at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully______【59】 down a gas to a temperature barely above absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work, not a discovery, in this case. Why is the two scientists' work so important to science? In the 1920s,Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting______【60】 about special light particles we now call photons(光子) . Bose had trouble______【61】 other scientists to believe his theory, so he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein's calculations helped him theorize that atoms______【62】 behave as Bose thought—but only at very cold temperatures. Scientists have also discovered that ultra -cold(超冷) atoms can help them make the world's atomic clocks even______【63】 accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second______【64】 six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time4(d =v xt). With the long distances involved in space______【65】, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance. (51)