Art is considered by many people to be little more than a decorative means of giving pleasure.] This is not always the case, however ; at times, art may be seen to have a purely functional side as well. Such could be said of the sand-paintings of the Navaho of the American Southwest ; these have a medical as well as an artistic purpose. According to Navaho traditions , one who suffers from either a mental or a physical illness has in some way disturbed or come in contact with the supernatural ( 超自然的) — perhaps a certain animal, a ghost, or the dead. To counteract this evil contact, the ill person or one of his relatives will employ a medicine man called a u singer" to perform a healing ceremony which will attract a powerful supernatural being. During the ceremony , which may last from 2 to 9 days , the “ singer" will produce a sand painting on the floor of the Navaho house. On the last day of the ceremony, the patient will sit on this sand painting and the "singer" will rub the sick parts of the patient's body with sand. In this way the patient absorbs the power of that particular supernatural being and becomes strong like it. After the ceremony, the sand painting is then destroyed so its power will not harm anyone. The art of sand painting is handed down from old “ singers" to their students. The materials used are easily found in the areas the Navaho inhabit : brown, red, yellow, and white sandstone, which is ground into powder by being crushed between 2 stones much as com is ground into flour. The “ singer" holds a small amount of this sand in his hand and lets it flow between his thumb and- forefinger onto a clean, flat surface on the floor. With a steady hand and great patience, he is thus able to create designs of people , snakes and other creatures that have power in Navaho belief system. 1. Which of the following refers to the same thing as “decorative” , in Para. 1? A) Functional. B) Medicinal C) Artistic. D) Pure 2. According to the Navaho traditions, one is ill because he has met with A) something with supernatural powers B) a dead goat C) any animal D) too many dead people 3. How can a sick person recover from his illness according to the passage? A) He must avoid the evil contact. B) He needs help from another powerful supernatural being. C) He must draw a sand painting. D) He must sing at a ceremony. 4. The reason for the sand painting to be destroyed after the ceremony is A) not to allow others to use it freely B) to harm the patient C) not to harm others D) to protect the patient 5. Which of the following is TRUE of the designs of people created by the "singer"? A) They are sand paintings. B)They attract supernatural beings. C) They have healing powers. D) All of the above.