It has become harder and harder for a teenager to stand up against the popularity wave and to go his or her own way. Industry has firmly opened up a teen-age market. These days every teenager can learn from newspapers and TV what a teen-age should have and be. And many of today’s parents have come to award (奖励) high marks for the popularity of their children. All this adds up to great difficulty for the teenager who wants to find his or her own path. Question :The author thinks of advertisements as .