The fact that blind people can "see” things using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us to understand our feelings about color. If they can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously. Manufacturers have discovered by trial and error that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant to eat, and that cosmetics should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a whole discipline of color psychology that now finds application in everything from fashion to interior decoration, some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with passivity and calm,while yellow is a day color with association of energy and incentive. For primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, which he soon saw as red, the color of blood and rage and the heat that came with effort. So it was natural that green, the complementary color to red, should be associated with passive defense and self-preservation. Experiments have shown that color, partly because of their physiological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in respiration rate, heart-beat, and blood pressure;red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting connotations, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alertness and alarm, so fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead. 1. Manufacturers found out that color affects sales . A) by experience over a long period of time B) by experimenting with different colors C) by trying out colors on blind people D) by developing the discipline of color psychology 2. Our preferences for certain colors are . A) associated with the time of day B) partly due to psychological factors C) dependent on our character D) linked with our primitive ancestors 3. If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does not happen? A) They breathe fester. B) Their blood pressure rises. C) They feel afraid. D) Their hearts beat fester. 4. The most effective color for warning people is . A) red B) green C) blue D) yellow 5. Which word below means the opposite of the word "passivity"? A) energy B) self-preservation C) defense D) alarm