Knowing two or more languages means that your brain may actually look and work differently than those of your (1) friends. I. What does it really mean to know a language? ♦ Language ability is typically measured in two active parts, (2)____ , and two passive parts, (3) . ♦ While a balanced bilingual individual has near equal abilities across the board in two languages, most people around the world know and use their languages in varying proportions. II. Most people who are bilingual can be classified into three general categories. Take Gabriella as an example. ♦ She is a compound bilingual. ♦ Her teenage brother might be a (4) bilingual. ♦ Her parents are likely to be (5) bilinguals. III. How specific aspects of language learning affect the bilingual brain? ♦ The brain's left hemisphere is more dominant and analytical in (6) , while the right hemisphere is more active in (7) . ♦ According to the critical period hypothesis, children learn languages more easily because the plasticity of their (8) d lets them use both sides of their brain in language learning, while in most adults, language is confined to one of brain hemisphere, usually the left side. IV. Being multilingual gives your brain some (9) ♦ Some of these are (10) , such as the higher density of the grey matter in your brain. ♦ It also (11) the onset of diseases, like Alzheimer's and dementia by as much as five years. While bilingualism may not necessarily make you smarter, it does make your brain more (12) 2单元.mp4