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病例摘要:,男,68岁,退休工人,已婚,汉族,2011年11月22日就诊。 患者于3个月前出现阵发性呛咳,有少量痰液,伴有右侧胸闷不适感,发热。当时在本社区医务室就医,"镇咳药",未有明显效果。1出现咳嗽加重,痰量增多,伴少量鲜红色血丝,胸闷、气急、发热,体温37.5℃左右。今日在我院做胸部CT示:右上叶有大片实质阴影,纵隔无肿大淋巴结。现症见:咳嗽,痰多,气憋胸闷,胸胁疼痛,纳差便溏,身热尿黄。病程中无夜间盗汗、声音嘶哑及阵发性呼吸困难等症状。平素身体健康,吸烟30,每日1包。未发现食物药物过敏史。体格检查:T37.7℃,P96/min,R20/min,BP120/80mmHg,神志清楚,应答切题,检查合作。舌质暗有瘀斑,苔厚腻,脉滑数。皮肤弹性好,无、皮疹、肝掌及蜘蛛痣。全身浅表淋巴结不肿大。咽部不充血,扁桃体不肿大。颈软,颈静脉无怒张。胸廓对称、无畸形,两侧呼吸运动对称,不受限。右上肺语颤略增强,肝上界在右锁骨中线第5肋间。右上胸叩诊呈轻度浊音变,呼吸音减低,可闻及呼吸音。其他部位未闻及干、湿啰音。心界不大,心率96/min,律齐,各瓣膜听诊区未闻及病理性杂音。腹平软,无压痛,肝、脾未扪及,肝浊音上界第5肋间,无移动性浊音。脊柱、四肢无畸形两下肢无水肿。生理反射存在,病理反射未引出。血常规:血红蛋白108g/L,白细胞计数7.8×10 9 /L,中性70%,淋巴28%,单核1%,嗜酸1%。尿常规及粪常规阴性。痰液找癌细胞:阳性。CT扫描:右上叶肺癌,纵隔无肿大淋巴结。 根据给出的病例资料,按住院病历的书写格式完成书面辨证施治。
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【单选题】在汽车空调制冷系统中,制冷剂经过( )变成高温高压气体
A.
冷凝器
B.
压缩机
C.
膨胀阀
D.
蒸发器
【单选题】()年10月,党中央和毛泽东率领工农红军经过25000里长征后到达陕北,与陕北红军会师,延安成为中国革命的中心。
A.
1934
B.
1935
C.
1936
D.
1937
【单选题】Which of the following subdiscipline of neuroscience focuses on the neural substrates of mental processes and their behavioral manifestations?
A.
Cognitive neuroscience
B.
Behavioral neuroscience
C.
Affective neuroscience
D.
Cultural neuroscience
【多选题】1935年10月19日,毛泽东率领中国工农红军陕甘支队胜利到达,陕北吴起镇。至此,中共中央和红一方面军主力历时一年的长征行程25,000千米,最终到达陕甘革命根据地,这标志着
A.
中国革命从此有土地革命走向抗日民族战争
B.
中国共产党找到了中国革命力量,生存发展新的落脚点
C.
国民党反动派消灭中国共产党和红军的图谋彻底失败
D.
中国共产党开始以陕北苏区为中心领导中国革命
【单选题】Which of the following subdiscipline of neuroscience involves the study of neurological disease distribution & determinants of frequency in human populations?
A.
Neuroimmunology
B.
Clinical neuroscience
C.
Neuroepidemiology
D.
Neurolinguistics
【单选题】Which of the following subdiscipline of neuroscience aims to understand how matter (brain structures & chemicals) creates one of the most fascinating aspects of mind, the emotions?
A.
Behavioral neuroscience
B.
Affective neuroscience
C.
Neuroimmunology
D.
Neurophysiology
【单选题】在汽车空调系统中,制冷剂经过( )变成高温高压气体。
A.
冷凝器
B.
蒸发器
C.
压缩机
D.
节流器
【多选题】Which of the following statements about neuroscience are correct?
A.
Neuroscience is a multidisciplinary science that is concerned with the study of the structure & function of the nervous system. It encompasses the evolution, development, cellular and molecular biology, physiology, anatomy & pharmacology of the nervous system, as well as computational, behavioral & cognitive neuroscience.
B.
Neuroscience is an interdisciplinary science that works closely with other disciplines, such as mathematics, linguistics, engineering, computer science, chemistry, philosophy, psychology, & medicine.
C.
Neuroscientists study the cellular, functional, behavioral, evolutionary, computational, molecular, cellular, and medical aspects of the nervous system. There are various fields that focus on different aspects, but they never overlap.
D.
Neuroscientists focus on the brain & its impact on behavior & cognitive functions, or how people think. They also investigate what happens to the nervous system when people have neurological, psychiatric, & neurodevelopmental disorders.
【多选题】Which of the following statements about neuroscience & free will are correct?
A.
Neuroethics encompasses the ethical issues raised by neuroscience as it affects our understanding of the world & of ourselves in the world. e.g., if everything we do is physically caused by our brains, which are in turn a product of our genes & our life experiences, how can we be held responsible for our actions?
B.
A crime in the US requires a "guilty act" & a "guilty mind". As neuropsychiatric evaluations have become more commonly used in the criminal justice system & neuroimaging technologies have given us a more direct way of viewing brain injuries, scholars have cautioned that this could lead to the inability to hold anyone criminally responsible for their actions. In this way, neuroimaging evidence could suggest that there is no free will & each action a person makes is simply the product of past actions & biological impulses that are out of our control.
C.
The question of whether & how personal autonomy is compatible with neuroethics & the responsibility of neuroscientists to society & the state is a central one for neuroethics.
D.
In late 2013 U.S. President Barack Obama made recommendations to the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues as part of his $100 million Brain Research through Advancing Innovative Neurotechnologies (BRAIN) Initiative.
【单选题】Which of the following subdiscipline of neuroscience studies the interactions between cultural factors & neural & psychological processes?
A.
Cultural neuroscience
B.
Cognitive neuroscience
C.
Neuroimaging
D.
Neurobiology
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