At some point in your life you are bound to be required to give a speech. But are you capable of having the effect on an audience that you want to have? Here are some things to keep in mind. [2] You may think it's good to create an informal effect, or even that it' s cool to use filler words (填充词) such as “like” and “you know”. But in reality, these words add nothing, and create the danger of making you sound foolish and uninformed. [3] Pauses can be of significant help in adding depth to your speech, but only when they  are used at the right moments. Pausing suddenly and with a panicked look will just make your audience uneasy. Also, a very long silence is the last thing you need. Make sure that your pauses are nicely placed if you want to sound like a speaker who has absolute control of what he is talking about. [4] You also need to be careful when you switch to a new idea during the course of a speech. Often speakers ________such as “well”, “so”, and so on, when they move on to new ideas. My advice, however, is to avoid such words and to try to think of a way of making a tradition that is unique to the topic of your speech. [5] Finally, avoid “umming” and “ahhing” he way many people do when they give speeches. You want to sound confident and assured, and the way not to do so is to put an “urn” or an “ah” in the middle of every sentence. 小题1:What is the text mainly about? (No more than 8 words) _________________________________________________________________________ 小题2:Complete the following statement with proper words. (No more than 3 words) It's careful to switch to ________________________ when you give a speech. 小题3:Fill in the blank in Paragraph 4 with proper words. (No more than 5 words) __________________________________________________________________________ 小题4:Why does the author say it' s not good to use filler words? (No more than 12 words) _______________________________________________________________________ 小题5:What does the word 'they' (paragraph 3) probably refer to? (No more than 2 words) _________________________________________________________________________