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【单选题】
Can computers reason? Reasoning requires the individual to take a given set of facts and draw correct conclusions. Unfortunately, errors frequently occur, and we are not talking about simple carelessness as occurs when two numbers are incorrectly added, nor do we mean errors resulting from simple forgetfulness. Rather, we have in mind errors of a logic nature--those resulting from faulty reasoning. Now, or at least soon, computers will be capable of error-free logical reasoning in a variety of areas. The key to avoiding errors is to use a computer program that relies on the last two decades' research in the field of automated theorem proving. AURA (Automated Reasoning Assistant) is the program that best exemplifies this use of the computer. AURA solves a problem by drawing conclusions from a given set of facts about the problem. Program does not learn, nor is it self-analytical, but it reaches logical conclusions flawlessly. It used various types of reasoning and, more important, has access to very powerful and sophisticated logical strategies. AURA seldom relies on brute force to find solutions. Instead it solves almost all problems by using sophisticated techniques to find a contradiction. One generally starts with a set of assumptions and adds a statement that the goal is unreachable. For example, if the problem is to test a safety system that automatically shuts down a nuclear reactor when instruments indicate a problem, AURA is told that the system will not shut the reactor down under those circumstances. If AURA finds a contradiction between the statement and the system's design assumptions, then this aspect of the reactor's design has been proved satisfactory. This strategy, known as the set of support strategy, lets AURA concentrate on the problem at hand and avoid the many fruitless steps required to explore the entire theory underlying the problem. Almost never does the program proceed by carrying out an exhaustive search. The chief use for AURA at this time is for electronic circuit design validation, but a number of other uses will arise. For example, there already exist 'expert systems' that include a component for reasoning. An expert system is a special purpose program designed to automate reasoning in a specific area such as medical diagnosis. These expert programs, unlike human experts, do not die. Such systems continue to improve and have an indefinite life span. Moreover, they can be replicated for pennies. A human who can expertly predict where to drill for oil is in great demand. A program that can predict equally well would be invaluable and could be duplicated any number of times. Will the computer replace the human being? Certainly not. It seems likely that computer programs will reproduce--that is, design more clever computer programs and more efficient, more useful components. Reasoning programs will also analyze their own progress, learn from their attempts to solve a problem, and redirect their attack on a problem. Such programs will assist, rather than replace, humans. Their impact will be felt in design, manufacturing, law, medicine, and other areas. Reasoning assistants will enable human minds to turn to deeper and far more complex ideas. These ideas will be partially formulated and then checked for reasoning flaws by a reasoning program. Many errors will be avoided. The primary purpose of AURA is to
A.
function as a safety mechanism in nuclear reactors.
B.
detect contradictions and other faults in computer programs.
C.
develop expert human programs for technical fields.
D.
check human reasoning for possible errors.
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【简答题】___ may be chosen. A.Any one of the horse. B.Any one of the horses C.Anyone of the horse D.Anyone of the horses
【单选题】静止流体 剪切应力
A.
不能承受
B.
可以承受
C.
能承受很小的
D.
具有粘性时可承受
【多选题】建立平面控制网的方法有( )。
A.
A 、导线测量 B 、
B.
三角测量
C.
三边测量
D.
全球定位系统GPS测量
E.
高程测量
【判断题】发送方是路由器A,要把 IP 数据报通过另一个路由器B转发到另一个网络上的一个主机。这时路由器A可以由 ARP缓存或广播可以直接获得目的主机的MAC地址。
A.
正确
B.
错误
【单选题】平面控制网建立的测量方法有三角测量法、导线测量法、( )等。
A.
等级测量法
B.
多边测量法
C.
三边测量法
D.
首级测量法
【单选题】Which one of the following is NOT one of the measures to promote the use of the new lanterns?
A.
Similar looks with the old kerosene ones.
B.
Fixed price of $30 for all models.
C.
Reliable to work when needed.
D.
Replaceable batteries.
【判断题】建立平面控制网的方法有导线测量、三角测量、三边测量、全球定位系统GPS测量
A.
正确
B.
错误
【简答题】Tokyo, the capital of Japan, is one of the largest cities in the world. It is also one of the world’s most modern cities. Twice last century, the city was destroyed and rebuilt. In 1923 a major earthq...
【单选题】静止流体 剪切应力。
A.
可以承受
B.
能承受很小
C.
不能承受
D.
具有粘性时可以承受
【单选题】Of all the foods we know, fruit is one of the most healthful. It is also one of the most tasty foods. Almost everyone enjoys fruit. Fruit is grown in almost every part of the world. There are hundreds...
A.
Most people enjoy eating fruit.
B.
Fruit can be grown almost all over the world.
C.
There are less than a hundred kinds of fruits.
D.
There are three groups of fruits.
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