C Rumors : we've all heard some and we've all spread some. In more traditional, conservative times they shook entire families. Today, they circulate differently because the way we share information has also changed. The fact is that rumors have enormous potential to upset things, whether socially or personally. We don't enjoy being on the receiving end of one, since they usually don't have good intentions. They are somewhat veiled messages. Normally rumors are oral messages : word of mouth. The paradox is that there is no evidence to support Tumors, but the more that people share it, the more they see it as true. To finish defining rumors, we think that they follow certain very clear laws. Secrecy : The source is unknown. There is also a proven phenomenon that human beings usually forget the source of a message before they forget its content. Certainty : We hardly question rumors simply because of the mental effort involved. On the other hand, no one likes to doubt a person who assures us that the information they transmit is true. Curiosity : The rumor piques our curiosity, either because it involves us in some way or because it's about a scandalous issue ・ Speed : Its capacity for propagation and reproduction makes it unstoppable. Proximity : It is transmitted through relationships. Change : It acts like a tree. New rumors branch out to fill in the gaps left by the initial rumor. Another property of rumors is that they tend to become viral . Each receiver is at the same time a potential transmitter of the information. The receiver often adds their own opinion. Their manner and tone of transmitting it also changes it. How can we end rumors? The answer is as simple as it is impossible : preventing people from communicating. A more realistic response is equally difficult, although less than the first one. It is that we should be critical of the information we receive. We should ask ourselves if the source is reliable. Ask( if possible) the person you heard it from whether they also trust the information. We should also think about if the rumor benefits someone» and if that someone started the rumor. One rumor to be especially cautious of is a rumor about minorities or groups relatively unable to defend themselves. That's why we say, "history is always told by the victors. “ The first payment the defeated must make is to accept the victor's version of the story. 61. Which of the following might be a rumour? A. Saturdays and Sundays are holidays. B. It's reported that two drives were given tickets for speeding. C. It's said that a boy was taken away by aliens last week. D. The moon moves round the earth and the earth moves round the sun. 62. How are rumours like a tree? A. Rumours keep changing, just as trees change their colour. B. Rumours are deeply rooted in reality, like tree roots in the earth. C. Rumours have gaps, like the space between tree branches. D. New rumours grow out of the original, like branches out of a trunk. 63. The underlined word "viral" in Para. 4 is closest in meaning to A. spreading B. fatal C. flexible D. competitive 64. What does the author think of rumours? A. Rumours are unstoppable B. Rumours shake families. C. Rumours have potentials. D. Rumours are partly trustworthy.