We know that our smartphones are expertly-designed distraction devices that weaken our efforts to resist. But, we also know that resistance is important if we’re ever going to find a workable middle ground with our phones – and a recent has served up another reason to strengthen our resolve. Here it is: when you pick up your phone while doing anything mentally challenging, you're handicapping your brain’s ability to recharge and performance predictably decreases. That’s the conclusion of a study that put roughly 400 college students to task solving challenging word puzzles. When they were about halfway through, the researchers allowed most of the students to take a break either using their phones, using a computer or reading a print circular. Other students were told to just keep on working without any sort of break. The results showed that the students who took a break with their phones were the worst performers of all the groups. They took 19% longer to finish the tasks and they solved 22% fewer word-problems than all the other groups combined. In fact, the cell-phone group’s efficiency and processing speed was about the same as the group that took no break. The reason offered by the researchers isn’t merely because digital devices are inherently engaging( 迷人的 ), but because our smartphones are attention gates into so many other attention-catching areas, each pulling our mental energy in different directions. This research stresses that we ignored the energy reduction from using our smartphones, and that we were over-confident about what our brains can handle. We also overlooked the emotional connection we'd developed with our phones. It's no longer just a device. It's a companion. “It is important to know the costs associated with reaching for this device during every spare minute,” Kurtzberg added. “We assume it’s no different from any other break – but the phone may carry increasing levels of distraction that make it difficult to return focused attention to work tasks.” 1.What does “resolve” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A.Finding a workable phone. B.Resisting using phones. C.Making full use of phones. D.Upgrading personal phones. 2.The underlined word “handicapping” in Paragraph 2 probably means ___________. A.strengthening B.performing C.weakening D.changing 3.What can we learn from the research? A.There are two groups of students in the research. B.All the students can not take a break in the research. C.The cell-phone group did best in solving the puzzles. D.Students have to complete word puzzles before the break. 4.What’s the main idea of the Paragraph 6? A.The phone is no longer favored by people. B.The phone is not as powerful as expected. C.People cannot connect emotionally with phones. D.People didn’t fully understand the effect of phones.