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The direct supply chain strategy is characterized as those supply chains where the most effective and efficient relationship is implemented through routine third-party logistics services. First, the full speculation strategy with a decentralized distribution system in this strategy group is characterized as those supply chains where distribution of products is decentralized and based for example on retail stores. Second, in the full postponement strategy, manufacturing and logistics operations are implemented after the customer order. This means that production is finalized in manufacturing sites, and after that products are distributed to retail stores. Thirdly, in the manufacturing postponement strategy, final production is executed in retail stores (for example the final color of paint is mixed in retail stores). In all three cases, routine TPL services add most value. The transportation method depends on the type of product, i.e. whether it is functional or innovative. Functional products are defined as those that satisfy basic needs, are sold in retail stores and have stable predictable demand, with long lifecycles and often low profit margins. In contrast, innovative products enable higher margins, but demand is unpredictable and their lifecycle is short. The supply chain of functional products focuses on minimization of physical supply chain costs. On the other hand the supply chain of innovative products requires responsiveness to ensure that products reaching the markets match users’ needs; the suppliers, therefore, are chosen for their speed and flexibility. Regarding the use of routine logistics services, the type of product affects the mode of transportation. In the case of functional products, the chosen mode is based on cost minimization, i.e. low cost transportation modes (e.g. rail, sea, truck). On the other hand, more expensive transportation modes (e.g. air, overnight deliveries) match better with innovative products aiming at supply chain flexibility and speed.
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【单选题】以下各个激励理论,属于行为改造型激励理论的是( )
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强化理论
B.
需要层次理论
C.
公平理论
D.
期望理论
E.
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A.
旧民主主义革命的失败
B.
近代中国革命形势的发展
C.
世界形势的新变化
D.
帝国主义的侵略
【单选题】下列属于行为改造型激励理论的是:
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双因素理论
B.
期望理论
C.
成就激励理论
D.
强化理论
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A.
打轮廓
B.
画大色调
C.
深入刻画
D.
调整统一
【单选题】In the opinion of most parents, .
A.
economics should be the focus of school teaching
B.
more students should be admitted to universities
C.
the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened.
D.
children should solve financial problems themselves
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【单选题】以下各个激励理论,属于行为改造型激励理论的是()
A.
强化理论
B.
需要层次理论
C.
公平理论
D.
期望理论
E.
双因素理论
F.
ERG理论
【单选题】Born deaf (聋的), she could not use _____ language to communicate with us
A.
nonverbal
B.
verbal
C.
foreign
D.
body
【单选题】下列理论属于行为改造型激励理论的是
A.
需要层次理论
B.
期望理论
C.
双因素理论
D.
强化理论
E.
公平理论
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