The roles of admission into the world economy not only reflect little awareness of developing priorities, they are often completely unrelated to sensible economic principles. For instance, WTO agreements on antidumping, subsidies and countervailing measures, agriculture, textiles, and trade-related intellectual property rights lack any economic rationale beyond the mercantilist interest of a narrow set of powerful groups in advanced industrial countries. Bilateral and regional trade agreements ale typically far worse, as they impose even tighter prerequisites on developing countries in return for crumbs of enhanced 'market access'. For example, the African Growth and Opportunity Act signed by U. S. President Clinton in May 2000 provides increased access to the U. S. market only if African apparel manufacturers use U. S. -produced fabric and yarns. This restriction severely limits the potential economic spillover in African countries.