Deontological Theory

Virtue Theory

Autonomy Theory

Teleological Theory

The moral theories all have their own strengths & weaknesses. Luckily our task is not to decide which is the right moral theory, it is to decide whether the actions in clinical practice makes possible are or aren't morally acceptable.

Teleological theories emphasize the outcome or end; deontological theories emphasize the means or manner of the action being performed; feminist theories emphasize love, compassion, kindness, self-esteem and justice; care ethics emphasizes the individual nature of the patient, & the situation, & that those directly involved in the care will have a different perspective from others who are divorced from the situation; virtue ethics emphasizes the behavior of the professional.

We are at liberty, therefore, to use all above theories (& indeed any other consideration that seems to apply so long as we have a good argument for it). If you are new to moral decision-making you might find it useful consciously to test a given moral dilemma against each of these theories in order to work out what each theory would say about it.

Having worked out what each theory would say you will then be in a much better position to decide what you think. If you are going to use teleological theory, this needs to be balanced with either deontology or feminist principles. Likewise, if you are going to use deontology, balance this with teleological or care or virtue ethics.

deontological

utilitarian or teleological

egoistic

emotional

a 1 +a 2 +a 3

a 1 2 + a 2 2 + a 3 2

a 1 2 + a 2 2 + a 3 2 3

a 1 + a 2 + a 3 3

causal, biological, metaphysical, teleological.

logical, theological, formal, material.

rational, dialectical, material, theological.

formal, causal, material, teleological.

none of the above

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