听力原文： Cosmetic surgery, also known as 'plastic' surgery, is the science of changing the way a person looks by reshaping a part of the body. The science of beauty has changed with time, but the desire for beauty remains the same. Today I am going to talk about how the changes of fashion have led to the new modem age of cosmetic surgery. In the 1700s, height and weight became an important part of beauty. During the time of the French Revolution, many women used to wear corsets, belts that made their waists appear much slimmer. In England in the 1500s, makeup became an important part of beauty. Some women used to paint their .face white. They thought this made them more attractive. Later, in North America, some women used to eat arsenic, a dangerous poison, to make their faces whiter. By the 1860s, American women started using makeup to make themselves more charming. In the 1890s, Americans discovered that bicycle tiding could actually improve their appearance! They exercised in order to look and feel better. The popularity of bicycle riding even led to a change in fashion. American women began to wear shorter skirts instead of the. traditional long, full ones. Although diet and exercise are still popular ways of improving one's appearance, there are some parts of the body that cannot change without the help of a cosmetic surgeon. In the past, American women used to spend weeks repeating words that started with the 'P' because they wanted to change the shape of their mouths. Today a cosmetic surgeon can reshape the nose or lips in a few hours. Rhinoplasty, the reshaping of nose, can greatly improve a person's image. Surprisingly, cosmetic surgery has been used for centuries in China and India. Today it is used in many countries to improve the outlook of people who have been hurt in fires or in car accidents It is also used to improve the appearance of children who are born with physical problem. Questions: 15.What is the topic of the lecture? 16.What did women in North America do to improve their appearance in 1890s? 17.What do you think is the speaker's attitude towards rhinoplasty? 18.Which statement is NOT true according to the lecture? (35)