选词填充 (2) : limited, selected, World Aeronautical Chart, landmarks, pilotage, course, instrument flight rules (IFR), checkpoints, refer to, current A basic element of preflight preparation requires the use of (1) _________ navigational charts on which pilots can mentally review their intended route of flight. They may or may not wish to draw a line on the chart representing the true (2) _______. They should, however, review the projected path across the face of the chart for the location of good (3) __________, restricted areas, obstructions, other flight hazards, and suitable airports. For visual flight rule (VFR) pilot planning by either (4) ________ or dead reckoning, the Sectional Aeronautical Chart is an excellent choice. It is scaled at 1 to 500,000, or 8 miles to the inch. The physical characteristics of most landmarks, both cultural and geographic, are shown in great detail. The pilot should have little difficulty identifying the (5) __________ landmarks along the route of flight. Another popular chart is the (6) ____________. The scale of the WAC is 1 to 1,000,000, or 16 miles to the inch. Many states print aeronautical charts which are excellent for VFR navigation within their state boundaries. The pilot should realize, however, that all of these charts are designed primarily for VFR navigation and contain only (7) limited information concerning radio aids and frequencies. The use of (8) instrument flight rules (IFR) navigational charts for planning pilotage or dead reckoning VFR flights is not desirable for the following reasons: (i) Many airports used by the VFR pilot are not depicted or listed on the charts. (ii) Very few geographic or cultural (9) __________ are provided. (iii) The pilot should (10) __________ the Airman's Information Manual - Basic Flight Information and Air Traffic Control Procedures (AIM) - for the precise coverage of this information.