阅读理解。 We can achieve knowledge either actively or passivelr(被动地). We achieve it actively by direct experience,by testing and piroving an idea,or by reasoning. We achieve knowledge passively by being told by someoneelse. Most of the learning that takes place in the classroom and thekind that happens when we watch TV or read newspapers ormagazines is passive. Conditioned as we are to passive leaning,it'snot surprising that we depend on it in our everyday communication with friends and co-workers. Unfortunately,passive learning has a serious problem. It makes us tend to accept what we are told even when it is little more than hear say and rumor(谣言). Did you ever play the game Rumor? It begins when one personwrites down a message but doesn' t show it to anyone. Then the person whispers it,word for word, to another person.That person,inturn,whispers it to still another, and so on, through all the peopleplaying the game. The last person writes down the message word forword as he or she hears it. Then the two written statements arec ompared. Typically, the original message has changed. That' s what happens in daily life. The simple fact that peoplerepeat a story in their own words changes the story.Then,too,most people listen imperfectly. And many enjoy adding their own creativetouch to a story,trying to improve on it,stamping(打上标记)it with their own personal style. Yet those who hear it think they know. This process is also found among scholars and authors:Astatement of opinion by one writer may be re-stated as fact by another,who may in turn be quoted by yet another；and this process may continue,unless it occurs to someone to question the facts onwhich the origihal writer based his opinion or to challenge the interpretation he placed upon those facts. 1. According to the passage,passive learning may occur in______. A. doing a medical experiment B. solving a math problem C.visiting an exhibition D.doing scientific reasoning 2. The underlined word' it 'in Paragraph 2 refers to________. A.active learning B. knowledge C. communication D. passive learning 3. The author mentions the game Rumor to show that_________. A. a message may be changed when being passed on B. a message should be delivered in different ways C. people may have problems with their sense of hearing D. people tend not to believe in what they know as rumor 4. What can we infer from the passage? A. Active learning is less important. B. Passive learning may not be reliable. C. Active learning occurs more frequently. D. Passive learning is not found among scholars.